White-light interferometry is one of today's most precise tools fordetermining optical material properties. Achievable precision and accuracy aretypically limited by systematic errors due to a high number of interdependentdata fitting parameters. Here, we introduce spectrally-resolved quantumwhite-light interferometry as a novel tool for optical property measurements,notably chromatic dispersion in optical fibres. By exploiting both spectral andphoton-number correlations of energy-time entangled photon pairs, the number offitting parameters is significantly reduced which eliminates systematic errorsand leads to an absolute determination of the material parameter. By comparingthe quantum method to state-of-the-art approaches, we demonstrate the quantumadvantage through 2.4 times better measurement precision, despite involving 62times less photons. The improved results are due to conceptual advantagesenabled by quantum optics which are likely to define new standards inexperimental methods for characterising optical materials.
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